Benefits and drawbacks of UV-C technology

UV-C technology utilizes ultraviolet-C radiation, the most effective type of UV light for killing germs. Application of UV-C is not limited to surfaces; it can also be used to disinfect air and liquids. It kills germs like viruses and bacteria by damaging the DNA/RNA they need to survive. According to Ivan W. Gowe, MS, MLS(ASCP)^CM, CIC, FAPIC, CPHQ, an infection preventionist based in North Carolina, UV-C technology should be utilized in tandem with manual cleaning.

“The first pass with a cleaner-disinfectant wipe removes bioburden and disinfects,” says Gowe. “The second pass with UV-C is intended to make up for deficiencies in the first step.”

UV-C disinfection devices come in different sizes, from large mobile carts to smaller disinfection chambers and table lamps.

UV-C is 99.9% effective against bacteria, viruses, and spores when used properly. Because it utilizes light, there is no residue; it is a chemical-free process. Cycle times depend on the size of the room or device.

However, there are some drawbacks. Some UV-C lamps have been reported to produce ozone, a gas that is harmful if inhaled in large amounts. It can also irritate other parts of the body.

“UV-C is harmful to our skin and eyes,” says Gowe. “Most of the devices on the market have safety features like motion detectors and auto shutoff if someone were to walk into a room while the device was active.”

The biggest drawback to UV-C usage is that it is only effective on areas the light can touch. According to Gowe, “shading and surface reflectivity can affect the efficacy of the device. A surface that is shaded or heavily textured may not receive the proper dose of light.”

This means the device may need to run more than once in different areas of a room in order to reach all of its surfaces. This can be time-consuming.

Editor’s note: This article was excerpted from our Medical Environment Update newsletter.